Pronoun (सर्वनाम)

 

📘 Chapter: Pronoun (सर्वनाम)

What is a Pronoun? – Pronoun kya hota hai?

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✅ Definition (परिभाषा):

👉 A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun to avoid repetition.
👉 Pronoun वह शब्द होता है जो noun (संज्ञा) की जगह प्रयोग होता है।

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🧠 Simple Meaning:

Pronoun = Noun ki jagah use hone wala shabd.
Yeh sentence ko repeat hone se bachata hai aur conversation ko smooth banata hai.

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🎯 Example (उदाहरण):

📝 Without Pronoun:
Ravi is a doctor. Ravi works in a hospital.
🗣 Ravi baar-baar repeat ho raha hai.

✅ With Pronoun:
Ravi is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
👉 Yahaan "He" ne "Ravi" ko replace kiya — yeh Pronoun hai.

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🔢 Types of Pronouns (Pronoun ke Prakar):

Type	Hindi	Example	Usage
1. Personal Pronoun	पुरुषवाचक	I, you, he, she, it, we, they	Logon ke liye
2. Possessive Pronoun	अधिकारवाचक	mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs	Kis cheez ka malik kaun hai
3. Reflexive Pronoun	आत्मवाचक	myself, yourself, himself	Subject pe khud ka action
4. Demonstrative Pronoun	संकेतवाचक	this, that, these, those	Kisi cheez ki taraf ishara karna
5. Interrogative Pronoun	प्रश्नवाचक	who, what, which	Sawal puchhne ke liye
6. Relative Pronoun	संबंधवाचक	who, which, that	Do clauses ko jodne ke liye
7. Indefinite Pronoun	अनिश्चितवाचक	someone, anyone, nobody, everything	Jab subject clear na ho

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🗣️ Personal Pronouns Table (Most common spoken usage):

Person	Singular	Plural
First Person	I, me	we, us
Second Person	you	you
Third Person	he, she, it, him, her	they, them

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🔊 Pronoun Use in Sentences (Combo Language):

1.      I am learning English.
(Main English seekh raha hoon.) → "I" = First person pronoun

2.      She is my sister.
(Woh meri behan hai.) → "She" = Third person pronoun

3.      This is my book. That is yours.
(Yeh meri kitaab hai. Woh tumhari hai.) → "This/That" = Demonstrative Pronoun

4.      He hurt himself.
(Usne khud ko chot pahunchai.) → "himself" = Reflexive Pronoun

5.      Who is your teacher?
(Tumhara teacher kaun hai?) → "Who" = Interrogative Pronoun

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📌 Why Pronouns are Important (क्यों जरूरी हैं?):

·         Repetition se bachate hain

·         Communication clear banate hain

·         Sentence chhota aur fluent banta hai

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📝 Practice Exercise (Abhyas):

👉 Nouns ko Pronouns se replace kijiye:

1.      Priya is a good singer. Priya sings well.

2.      Raj and I are friends. Raj and I go to school.

3.      The dog is barking. The dog is hungry.

✍️ Answers:

1.      Priya is a good singer. She sings well.

2.      Raj and I are friends. We go to school.

3.      The dog is barking. It is hungry.

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📚 Summary Chart

Pronoun Type	Hindi Meaning	Example
Personal	व्यक्ति	He, I, We
Possessive	स्वामित्व	Mine, Yours
Reflexive	स्वयं	Myself, Himself
Demonstrative	संकेत	This, Those
Interrogative	प्रश्न	What, Who
Relative	संबंध	Who, Which
Indefinite	अनिश्चित	Someone, Anything

 

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