Pronoun (सर्वनाम)

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📘 Chapter: Pronoun (सर्वनाम)

What is a Pronoun? – Pronoun kya hota hai?


Definition (परिभाषा):

👉 A pronoun is a word that is used in place of a noun to avoid repetition.
👉 Pronoun वह शब्द होता है जो noun (संज्ञा) की जगह प्रयोग होता है।


🧠 Simple Meaning:

Pronoun = Noun ki jagah use hone wala shabd.
Yeh sentence ko repeat hone se bachata hai aur conversation ko smooth banata hai.


🎯 Example (उदाहरण):

📝 Without Pronoun:
Ravi is a doctor. Ravi works in a hospital.
🗣 Ravi baar-baar repeat ho raha hai.

✅ With Pronoun:
Ravi is a doctor. He works in a hospital.
👉 Yahaan "He" ne "Ravi" ko replace kiya — yeh Pronoun hai.


🔢 Types of Pronouns (Pronoun ke Prakar):

Type

Hindi

Example

Usage

1. Personal Pronoun

पुरुषवाचक

I, you, he, she, it, we, they

Logon ke liye

2. Possessive Pronoun

अधिकारवाचक

mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs

Kis cheez ka malik kaun hai

3. Reflexive Pronoun

आत्मवाचक

myself, yourself, himself

Subject pe khud ka action

4. Demonstrative Pronoun

संकेतवाचक

this, that, these, those

Kisi cheez ki taraf ishara karna

5. Interrogative Pronoun

प्रश्नवाचक

who, what, which

Sawal puchhne ke liye

6. Relative Pronoun

संबंधवाचक

who, which, that

Do clauses ko jodne ke liye

7. Indefinite Pronoun

अनिश्चितवाचक

someone, anyone, nobody, everything

Jab subject clear na ho


🗣️ Personal Pronouns Table (Most common spoken usage):

Person

Singular

Plural

First Person

I, me

we, us

Second Person

you

you

Third Person

he, she, it, him, her

they, them


🔊 Pronoun Use in Sentences (Combo Language):

1.      I am learning English.
(Main English seekh raha hoon.) → "I" = First person pronoun

2.      She is my sister.
(Woh meri behan hai.) → "She" = Third person pronoun

3.      This is my book. That is yours.
(Yeh meri kitaab hai. Woh tumhari hai.) → "This/That" = Demonstrative Pronoun

4.      He hurt himself.
(Usne khud ko chot pahunchai.) → "himself" = Reflexive Pronoun

5.      Who is your teacher?
(Tumhara teacher kaun hai?) → "Who" = Interrogative Pronoun


📌 Why Pronouns are Important (क्यों जरूरी हैं?):

·         Repetition se bachate hain

·         Communication clear banate hain

·         Sentence chhota aur fluent banta hai


📝 Practice Exercise (Abhyas):

👉 Nouns ko Pronouns se replace kijiye:

1.      Priya is a good singer. Priya sings well.

2.      Raj and I are friends. Raj and I go to school.

3.      The dog is barking. The dog is hungry.

Answers:

1.      Priya is a good singer. She sings well.

2.      Raj and I are friends. We go to school.

3.      The dog is barking. It is hungry.


📚 Summary Chart

Pronoun Type

Hindi Meaning

Example

Personal

व्यक्ति

He, I, We

Possessive

स्वामित्व

Mine, Yours

Reflexive

स्वयं

Myself, Himself

Demonstrative

संकेत

This, Those

Interrogative

प्रश्न

What, Who

Relative

संबंध

Who, Which

Indefinite

अनिश्चित

Someone, Anything

 

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