Adjective (विशेषण)

 

📘 Chapter: Adjective (विशेषण)

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✅ Definition (परिभाषा):

👉 An adjective is a word that describes or qualifies a noun or pronoun.
👉 Adjective वह शब्द होता है जो किसी संज्ञा (Noun) या सर्वनाम (Pronoun) की विशेषता (quality) बताता है।

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🧠 Simple Meaning:

Adjective = Visheshta batane wala shabd
Yaani koi person, place, ya thing kaisa hai – uski quality, quantity, size, colour, number, etc. batata hai.

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📝 Examples (Combo Language):

Sentence	Adjective	Hindi Explanation
He is a smart boy.	smart	(वह एक होशियार लड़का है।)
I saw a red car.	red	(मैंने एक लाल कार देखी।)
She is tall.	tall	(वह लंबी है।)
We have two dogs.	two	(हमारे पास दो कुत्ते हैं।)
It’s a beautiful place.	beautiful	(यह एक सुंदर जगह है।)

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🔢 Types of Adjectives (Adjective ke Prakar):

Type	Hindi	Example	Use
1. Descriptive	विशेषता	happy, tall, blue	Quality bataye
2. Quantitative	परिमाण	some, much, little	Quantity bataye
3. Numerical	संख्यावाचक	one, two, first	Number bataye
4. Demonstrative	संकेतवाचक	this, that, these	Kiski taraf ishara
5. Interrogative	प्रश्नवाचक	which, what, whose	Sawal mein
6. Possessive	अधिकारवाचक	my, your, their	Kis ka hai bataye

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🎯 Spoken English mein Daily Use Adjectives:

Adjective	Hindi	Use in Sentence
good	अच्छा	He is a good student.
bad	बुरा	That is a bad idea.
old	पुराना	This is an old phone.
new	नया	I bought a new dress.
big	बड़ा	They live in a big house.
small	छोटा	I have a small dog.
happy	खुश	She looks happy today.

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🧠 Golden Rule:

👉 Adjective hamesha noun ya pronoun ke aage ya uske saath hota hai.
🗣 A beautiful girl.
🗣 They are kind people.

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📝 Practice Sentences (Identify Adjectives):

1.      The weather is cold today.

2.      I like your new shoes.

3.      He bought three books.

4.      This is a difficult question.

5.      We had a great time.

✍️ Answers:
cold, new, three, difficult, great — sabhi adjectives hain.

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📌 Why Adjectives are Important (Adjective kyun zaroori hai)?

·         Sentence ko interesting banate hain.

·         Description deta hai – kaisa, kitna, kiska, etc.

·         Spoken English mein aapki clarity aur fluency badhate hain.

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🗣️ Spoken Practice Tips:

🔄 Daily kuch nouns ke saath adjectives use karne ki aadat dalo:

✅ This is a sweet mango.
✅ He is a young man.
✅ I had a bad experience.

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📚 Summary Table

Function	Adjective Tells Us	Hindi
Quality	good, tall, honest	गुण
Quantity	much, little	मात्रा
Number	one, two, first	संख्या
Demonstration	this, those	संकेत
Possession	my, her	स्वामित्व
Question	which, what	प्रश्न

 

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