Conjunction (संयोजक)

 

📘 Chapter: Conjunction (संयोजक शब्द)

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✅ Definition (परिभाषा):

👉 A conjunction is a word that joins two or more words, phrases, or sentences.
👉 Conjunction वह शब्द होता है जो दो या दो से अधिक शब्दों, वाक्यों या वाक्यांशों को जोड़ता है।

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🧠 Simple Explanation:

Conjunction = जोड़ने वाला शब्द
Yeh do thoughts, ideas, actions, ya sentences ko link karta hai.
Without conjunctions, humein baar-baar short, disconnected sentences bolne पड़ते हैं.

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📝 Examples (Combo Language):

Sentence	Conjunction	Hindi Meaning
I like tea and coffee.	and	मुझे चाय और कॉफी पसंद है।
He is poor but honest.	but	वह गरीब लेकिन ईमानदार है।
We will go if it doesn’t rain.	if	अगर बारिश नहीं हुई तो हम जाएंगे।
I stayed home because I was sick.	because	मैं घर पर रहा क्योंकि मैं बीमार था।
You can have tea or juice.	or	तुम चाय या जूस ले सकते हो।

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🔢 Types of Conjunctions (संयोजक के प्रकार):

1. Coordinating Conjunctions – (समन्वय संयोजक)

👉 Join two equal parts – words, phrases, or sentences

🔹 Common: and, but, or, nor, for, so, yet

Example	Hindi
He is tall and strong.	वह लंबा और ताकतवर है।
I want to go, but I am tired.	मैं जाना चाहता हूँ, लेकिन थका हुआ हूँ।

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2. Subordinating Conjunctions – (आधीन संयोजक)

👉 Join dependent (sub) clause to a main clause

🔹 Common: because, if, although, when, since, unless, until, while

Example	Hindi
I didn’t go because I was ill.	मैं नहीं गया क्योंकि मैं बीमार था।
We’ll start when she arrives.	हम जब वह आएगी तब शुरू करेंगे।

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3. Correlative Conjunctions – (युग्म संयोजक)

👉 Use in pairs to join ideas

🔹 Common pairs: either...or, neither...nor, both...and, not only...but also

Example	Hindi
Either you study or you fail.	या तो पढ़ो या फेल हो जाओ।
Not only he sings but also dances.	वह सिर्फ गाता नहीं, बल्कि नाचता भी है।

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🗣️ Spoken English Practice Sentences:

1.      I want to go out, but it's raining.

2.      She is smart and confident.

3.      You can come if you want.

4.      I stayed home because I was tired.

5.      We will wait until the teacher arrives.

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🚫 Common Mistakes:

❌ He is rich and he is not happy.
✅ He is rich, but he is not happy. (Use correct connector for contrast)

❌ I came late because traffic.
✅ I came late because of traffic. (Use proper clause or phrase)

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📚 Quick List of Common Conjunctions:

Type	Conjunctions
Addition	and, also, as well as
Contrast	but, yet, although
Cause/Reason	because, since, as
Condition	if, unless, provided
Time	when, while, after, before
Choice	or, either...or, neither...nor

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📝 Practice Exercise: Fill in the blanks

1.      She is kind ______ strict. (and/but)

2.      I won’t go ______ it rains. (if/unless)

3.      We can go by bus ______ train. (or/and)

4.      He is poor ______ he is honest. (but/because)

5.      I waited ______ he came. (until/because)

✍️ Answers:

1.      but

2.      if

3.      or

4.      but

5.      until

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🎯 Summary Table

Function	Example	Hindi
Addition	and, also	और
Contrast	but, although	लेकिन
Condition	if, unless	अगर, जब तक नहीं
Cause	because, since	क्योंकि
Time	when, after, before	जब, बाद में

 

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